Esus & His Charms

The Celtic God Esus is not frequently mentioned. There is a limited number of sources that we are dealing with here. Aside from Lucan and the Bern Commentary on the same, there are very few mentions of Esus (if you do not include the Polish Yassa, Yessa or the Latvian Ūsiņš).

One such mention is the mention in the so-called De medicamentis written by Marcellus Empiricus aka Marcellus Burdigalensis (that is Marcellus of Bordeaux). He was a writer from Gaul who wrote at the turn of the 4th and 5th centuries. De medicaments is a medical book which includes the best medicine had to offer at that time, that is, such medicines as were then available plus some magic. The book is preserve n several manuscripts, among them the Parisianus 6880, the Laudunensis 420 and the Arundelianus 166. The first edition was that of Cornarius (1536) followed by Helmsreich (1889) and Niedermann (1916).

Among other things the work contains an incantation or charm to help with throat issues. The standardard article on that is Gustav Must’s (“A Gaulish Incantation in Marcellus of Bordeaux”).

That incantation supposedly in Gaulish/Celtic seems to mention the God Esus. Or, rather, it mentions a word that people have interpreted as Esus. That word actually is Aisus and the incantation in Must’s reading goes as follows:

XI EXV CRICON EXV CRIGLION AISVS SCRI SV MIO VELOR EXV GRICON EXV GRILAV.

Here is the Cornarius edition:

And here is the Helmsreich edition:

So what does the actual text look like? Well, here is the Parisinus:

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May 6, 2019

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